Carboxylic hydrophilic kaulahao extenders DMBA a me DMPA.

Olelo mua

I ka hana ʻana i ka polyurethane waterborne, carboxylic acid e like me anionic hydrophilic chain extender he ʻano carboxylic acid me ka diol, i hoʻohana nui ʻia no kāna ʻano molecular kū hoʻokahi a me ka hana huahana maikaʻi loa.
ʻO ka carboxylic acid type chain extender ka nui o ka 2,2-dihydroxymethylpropionic acid (DMPA) a me ka 2,2-dihydroxymethylbutyric acid (DMBA).ʻO ia kahi mole diol i hoʻopaʻa ʻia me nā hui hydroxyl a me carboxyl.Ma hope o ka neutralization me ka alkali, hiki i ka hui waikawa manuahi ke hoʻoikaika ikaika i ka hoʻoheheʻe wai a i ʻole ka hoʻopuehu ʻana o ka resin;Ua hoʻolauna ʻia nā hui polar e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hoʻopili ʻana o nā uhi a me nā waiwai dyeing o nā fiber synthetic;E hoʻonui i ka hikiwawe alkali o ka uhi.Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia i ka ʻōnaehana polyurethane hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wai, ka wai-soluble alkyd resin a me ka polyester resin, epoxy ester coating, polyurethane elastomer a me ka pauka.
Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia i nā mea kemika ʻili, nā kristal wai, nā inika, nā mea hoʻohui meaʻai a me nā kemika adhesive, ʻoi loa i ka hana ʻana i ka wai emulsion polyurethane a me nā mea hoʻopau ʻili.ʻAʻole ia he mea hoʻonui kaulahao wale nō, akā he mea emulsifying ponoʻī hoʻi no ka polyurethane, hiki ke hoʻomaikaʻi nui i ka paʻa o ka wai wai polyurethane, no laila ua hoʻohana nui ʻia.

ʻO nā pono o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka Dihydroxymethyl Carboxylic Acid

Hoʻokomo pinepine ka wai wai polyurethane i ka mea hydrophilic i loko o ke kaulahao mole polyurethane, a laila hoʻokaʻawale me ka alkali e hana i ka paʻakai, a hoʻopuehu i ka wai deionized ma o ka hoʻoulu ʻana i ka wai polyurethane.
ʻEkolu mau ʻano hydrophilic i hoʻohana ʻia i ka polyurethane wai: anionic, cationic a me non-ionic.ʻO kaʻano anionic ka mea nui: 2,2-dihydroxymethylpropionic acid, 2,2-dihydroxymethylbutyric acid, tartaric acid, butanediol sulfonate, sodium ethylenediamineethanesulfonate, glycerol and maleic anhydride;ʻO ka ʻano Cationic ka mea nui: methyldiethanolamine, triethanolamine, etc;ʻO ke ʻano non ionic ka nui o ka polyethylene oxide hydroxyl i hoʻopau ʻia.
Pono e kiʻekiʻe loa ka ʻike o ka mea non-ionic hydrophilic e like me ka polyethylene oxide i mea e paʻa ai ka lūlū.ʻO ka wai wai polyurethane resin i hanaʻia me ka hydroxyl polyoxyethylene ether e like me ka hui hydrophilic he maikaʻi ke kū'ē electrolyte, akāʻo ke kū'ē wai o ke kiʻiʻoniʻoni heʻilihune loa, no lailaʻaʻole pono;
ʻO ka cationic hydrophilic agent, e like me ka ethylenediamine sodium acrylate adduct, ma ke ʻano he pūhui hydrophilic, e hoʻolilo i ka ʻōnaehana hopena holoʻokoʻa alkaline.ʻAʻole wale ka hopena wikiwiki ma waena o - pūʻulu NH2 a me - pūʻulu NCO, akā pūʻulu pū kekahi ma waena - pūʻulu NCO a me - nhcoo.No laila, paʻakikī ka hoʻoponopono ʻana a maʻalahi ka gel.Eia kekahi, ʻo ka lotion i hoʻomākaukau ʻia he mau ʻāpana koʻikoʻi a me ka pale ʻana i ka wai kiʻiʻoniʻoni maikaʻi ʻole, no laila ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia i ka ʻoihana;
ʻO ka Dihydroxymethyl carboxylic acid i loko o ke ʻano anionic he ʻelua mau pūʻulu hydroxyl a hana pū me ka mea hoʻonui kaulahao.ʻO kēia hana ʻelua e hōʻike ana i nā pono nui i ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i ka lotion Pu emulsifying ponoʻī.I ka wā o ka synthesis o ka carbamate, hoʻolilo ia i ka ʻōnaehana hopena i ka waikawa.Ma lalo o nā kūlana acidic, ʻoluʻolu ka hopena ma waena o - NCO a me - Oh, ʻoiai - nhcoo - ʻaʻole i komo i ka hopena a ʻaʻole e hoʻoulu i ka gel.Eia kekahi, hana pū ka dimethylol carboxylic acid ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻonui kaulahao, no laila aia ka hui hydrophilic (ʻo ia hoʻi, hui carboxyl) i loko o ka māhele kaulahao macromolecular.Ke hoʻohana nei i ka amine tertiary ma ke ʻano he neutralizing agent, hiki ke hoʻomākaukau ʻia kahi resin polyurethane aqueous me ka paʻa maikaʻi a me ka wai kiʻiʻoniʻoni maikaʻi a me ke kūpaʻa solvent.ʻO Dihydroxymethyl carboxylic acid ka mea hydrophilic maikaʻi loa i hoʻohana nui ʻia i ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i ka resin polyurethane wai.

2,2-Dihydroxymethylpropionic Acid (DMPA) A me 2,2-Dihydroxymethylbutyric Acid (DMBA)

Ma waena o nā ʻano ʻelua o Dihydroxymethyl carboxylic acids, ua hoʻohana ʻia ka 2,2-dihydroxymethyl propionic acid no ka manawa lōʻihi a he mea hoʻonui kaulahao hydrophilic i hoʻohana nui ʻia i kēia manawa.ʻOiai he nui kona mau pōmaikaʻi, he nui nō hoʻi kona mau pōʻino, ʻo ia hoʻi ma muli o kona wahi hoʻoheheʻe kiʻekiʻe (180-185 ℃), he mea paʻakikī ke wela a hoʻoheheʻe ʻia, e koi ana i ka hoʻohui ʻana o nā mea hoʻoheheʻe organik e like me N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP), n N-dimethylamide (DMF), acetone, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe, ʻoiai ʻo NMP he wahi paila kiʻekiʻe, he mea paʻakikī ke wehe ma hope o ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i ka APU.Eia kekahi, he ʻuʻuku liʻiliʻi ko DMPA i ka acetone, a pono e hoʻohui ʻia ka nui o ka acetone i ke kaʻina hana synthesis.ʻAʻole hoʻopau wale ke kaʻina hana ketone i ka ikehu akā lawe pū kekahi i nā pilikia palekana.No laila, ʻo ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka 2,2-dihydroxymethylpropionic acid ʻaʻole ia he kiʻekiʻe i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ikehu, akā maʻalahi hoʻi e hana i nā koena organik i ka huahana.
Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me 2,2-dihydroxymethyl propionic acid, 2,2-dihydroxymethyl butyric acid nā mea maikaʻi aʻe:
1. Loaʻa iā ia ka solubility ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi i nā solvents organik.Hōʻike ka papa ma lalo nei i ka ʻikepili solubility o DMBA a me DMPA i nā mahana like ʻole a me nā mea hoʻoheheʻe;
ʻIke hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia o DMBA a me DMPA i nā mahana like ʻole a me nā solvents:

Solubility: wae: g / 100g solvent
Solubility i ka wai: 48% no DMBA a me 12% no DMPA.

2. Kiʻekiʻe ka hopena o ka hopena, ka wikiwiki o ka hopena a me ka mahana wela haʻahaʻa.No ka laʻana, pōkole ka manawa pane no ka synthesizing polyurethane prepolymer, maʻamau he 50-60 mau minuke wale nō, ʻoiai ʻo DMPA he 150-180 mau minuke;
3. Hoʻohana ʻia ia no ka wai wai polyurethane wai me ka ʻoi aku ka nui o ka nui a me ka hāʻawi haiki;
4. wahi hehee haahaa, 108-114 ℃;
5. Hiki ke hoʻemi i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea hoʻoheheʻe i ka ʻokoʻa o nā mea hoʻoheheʻe, no laila e hōʻemi ana i ke kumukūʻai o nā mea hoʻoheheʻe a me ka mālama ʻana i ka wai;
6. Hiki ke ho'ohana 'ia no ka ho'omākaukau 'ana i ka polyurethane a me nā pūnaewele polyester.
Ma ke kaʻina hana synthesis maoli, ʻaʻole pono e hoʻopau i kekahi solvent.ʻO ka lotion i hanaʻia he hana maikaʻi a me nā mea mechanical maikaʻi loa o ka kiʻiʻoniʻoni,ʻaʻole ia e hoʻopōkole wale i ka manawa pane, e ho'ēmi i ka ikehu, akā e mālama pū i ka ikehu.No laila, ʻo 2,2-dihydroxymethyl butyric acid ka pūhui hydrophilic kaulana loa.